OBD2 scanner codes, also known as Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs), are standardized codes used by vehicles to indicate malfunctions. This comprehensive Obd2 Scanner Codes List guide explains the structure of these codes and what they mean. Understanding these codes is crucial for effective vehicle diagnostics and repair.
The image above illustrates the structure of a typical DTC. Let’s break down each component:
Deciphering OBD2 Codes: Letter and Number Meanings
Every OBD2 code begins with a letter and is followed by four numbers. Each character provides specific information about the nature of the problem:
First Letter: System Identification
The first letter indicates the system where the fault originated:
- P: Powertrain (engine, transmission, and associated components)
- B: Body (airbags, power seats, central locking, etc.)
- C: Chassis (ABS, suspension, steering, etc.)
- U: Network Communication (CAN bus, modules communication)
Most OBD2 scanners used by DIYers and mechanics primarily focus on “P” codes related to the powertrain.
First Digit: Code Type
The first digit signifies whether the code is generic (common to all manufacturers) or manufacturer-specific:
- 0: Generic OBD2 Code (defined by SAE J2012 and ISO 15031-6 standards)
- 1: Manufacturer-Specific Code (unique to the vehicle’s make)
Second Digit: Subsystem Identification (For “P” Codes)
For powertrain codes (starting with “P”), the second digit further narrows down the problem area:
- 0 and 1: Fuel and Air Metering
- 2: Fuel and Air Metering (Injector Circuit)
- 3: Ignition System or Misfire
- 4: Auxiliary Emissions Controls
- 5: Vehicle Speed Control and Idle Control System
- 6: Computer Output Circuit
- 7: Transmission
- 8: Transmission
- 9: SAE Reserved
Last Two Digits: Specific Fault
The final two digits pinpoint the specific fault within the identified subsystem. For example, P0301 indicates a misfire in cylinder 1.
OBD2 Scanner Codes List: Where to Find More Information
While this guide provides a general overview of OBD2 codes, thousands of specific codes exist. Accessing a complete OBD2 scanner codes list is essential for accurate diagnosis.
You can find more detailed information on specific codes through various resources:
- Online OBD2 Code Lookup Tools: Numerous websites offer free OBD2 code lookup services. Simply enter the code and you’ll receive a description of the potential problem.
- Repair Manuals: Vehicle-specific repair manuals provide in-depth information on diagnostic trouble codes and troubleshooting procedures.
- OBD2 Scanner Software: Some OBD2 scanners come with software that includes a comprehensive OBD2 scanner codes list and detailed explanations.
Remember, while an OBD2 scanner and code list are valuable tools, they don’t always provide a definitive diagnosis. Further inspection and testing might be necessary to pinpoint the root cause of the problem. Consulting with a qualified mechanic is recommended for complex issues.
